For instance, a healthy person will have a higher concentration of unconjugated bilirubin, but the exact levels depend on the person and circumstance. Normal levels for total bilirubin can be anywhere from .1 to 1.2 milligrams per deciliter of blood, and the direct bilirubin will only be .1 to .4 mg/dL of that. Establishing bilirubin levels typically requires a small amount of blood to be drawn. The process of conjugation turns unconjugated bilirubin into a water-soluble pigment. At this point, it becomes a component in bile — an essential digestive fluid — giving the bile its yellowish color. It is stored in the gallbladder and used to help digest food. Total bilirubin: 0.3 to 1 milligrams per deciliter (mg/dL) Direct (conjugated) bilirubin: 0.1 to 0.3 mg/dL; In newborns, a normal value would be an indirect (unconjugated) bilirubin of below 8.7 mg/dL within the first 48 hours of birth. This form of bilirubin is called indirect (free or unconjugated) bilirubin. Indirect bilirubin is transported by blood to the liver with the help of albumin. In the liver it is conjugated with glucuronic acid and becomes direct (bound, conjugated) bilirubin. Interpret now "Complete Blood Count (CBC)" Interpret now "Urinalysis (UA)" Definition . Conjugated Bilirubin: The fraction of the bilirubin, conjugated with glucuronic acid in the liver to form bilirubindiglucuronide is called conjugated bilirubin. Unconjugated Bilirubin: The fraction of the bilirubin, not conjugated in the liver is called unconjugated bilirubin. This form of bilirubin travels from the bloodstream to the liver. This molecule is not water soluble. Conjugated (Direct): Bilirubin is converted from unconjugated to conjugated bilirubin in the liver. This happens when sugar attaches to the unconjugated bilirubin. The unconjugated bilirubin turns into bile and enters the small intestines. Conjugated bilirubin (direct bilirubin) —formed in the liver when sugars are attached (conjugated) to bilirubin. It enters the bile and passes from the liver to the small intestines and is eventually eliminated in the stool. Normally, no conjugated bilirubin is present in the blood. Figure 1. Unconjugated bilirubin and conjugated bilirubin metabolism A bilirubin test measures total bilirubin. It can also give levels of two different types of bilirubin: unconjugated and conjugated. Unconjugated (“indirect”) bilirubin. This is the bilirubin This form of bilirubin travels from the bloodstream to the liver. This molecule is not water soluble. Conjugated (Direct): Bilirubin is converted from unconjugated to conjugated bilirubin in the liver. This happens when sugar attaches to the unconjugated bilirubin. The unconjugated bilirubin turns into bile and enters the small intestines. Cholestasis results from reduced excretion of bile due to a number of disorders [1] and is defined as conjugated bilirubin more than 20% of the total bilirubin when the total bilirubin is 85 [micro]mol/L or more, and 17 [micro]mol/L or more when the total bilirubin is 85 [micro]mol/L or less. Usefulness of ultrasonography and biochemical features
[index] [1692] [73] [9350] [801] [7956] [2928] [6295] [3392] [204] [3519]
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